Abstract

Auditory The risk of falls is a common health problem among the elderly due to decreased musculoskeletal function and impaired balance. This condition can lead to injury, disability, and even death. One effective non-pharmacological intervention to reduce the risk of falls is balance exercise. This study aims to review studies analyzing the effectiveness of balance exercise in reducing the risk of falls in the elderly based on the results of previous research. This study used a literature review method by searching articles from the Google Scholar and ResearchGate databases. The search was conducted using the PICO format, namely Population (elderly), Intervention (balance exercise), Comparison (-), and Outcome (reduced risk of falls). Inclusion criteria included articles in Indonesian or English published between 2021 and 2025 with elderly subjects. A total of five articles met the criteria and were analyzed descriptively. Of the five articles reviewed, all showed that balance exercise has a significant effect on improving balance and reducing the risk of falls in the elderly. This exercise has also been shown to increase lower extremity muscle strength, motor coordination, and self-confidence in elderly activities. Balance exercise is effective in improving postural balance and reducing the risk of falls in the elderly. This exercise can be part of a fall prevention program that is easy for health workers to implement in the community and health care facilities.
Keywords: Elderly; risk of falls; balance; balance exercise; physical exercise.